Primary extranodal diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: Molecular features, treatment, and prognosis

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin's and represents a heterogeneous entity. One-third DLBCL arises from extranodal organs its prognosis often varies with regard to sites involved. Molecular features are important elucidate differences in clinical features, predict disease prognosis, improve effective targeted therapeutic strategies. Extranodal DLBCLs originated breast, skin, uterus, immune-privileged such as central nervous system testes, show high proportion non-germinal center B-cell-like (non-GCB) phenotypes, frequency MYD88/CD79B mutations. In contrast, thyroid gland stomach relatively low non-GCB phenotype, considerably excellent prognosis. Immunochemotherapy rituximab standard care both nodal DLBCLs. However, approximately 40% patients experience treatment failure. It critical optimize strategy, including radiotherapy, autologous stem cell transplantation therapy according characteristics molecular heterogeneity. this review, we present an overview key pathways, assessment innovative therapies primary